Establishing modern chemical symbols, gravimetric precision, and a table of 45 atomic weights that transformed …

Thomas Young proposes that light wave oscillations are strictly transverse to propagation.

Hypothesizing hydrogen as the primary building block of matter ('protyle'), laying the conceptual foundation for …

How Jean-Baptiste Biot discovered optical activity in organic liquids and crystals — formulating Biot's Law …

Precision optical spectroscopy reveals 574 dark absorption lines in sunlight, laying the groundwork for atomic …

Resolving the volumetric puzzle of Gay-Lussac and Dalton by distinguishing atoms from molecules and laying …

The Discovery of Rotatory Polarization in Quartz: Circular Birefringence, Optical Chirality, Rotatory Dispersion, and Photonic …

How a chance observation through a calcite crystal and sunlight reflected from the Luxembourg Palace …

The founding textbook of quantitative chemistry — presenting the complete atomic theory, the first systematic …